Abstract

Law Number 2 of 2014 amending Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Notarial Position (hereinafter “UUJN”) establishes that a notary is a public officer authorized to draft authentic deeds and exercise other powers as regulated by law. The concept of a “Cyber Notary” represents a modern development in the notarial profession, referring to the performance of notarial duties using digital information and communication technology.    Article 5(1) of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) stipulates that “Electronic Information and/or Electronic Documents and/or their printouts constitute valid legal evidence,” thus recognizing that electronically created deeds or notarial documents distributed via digital platforms are admissible legal proof. Due diligence for notaries in the context of electronic execution includes verifying the identity of parties through certified digital platforms; employing certified electronic signatures issued by state-recognized providers; ensuring network security, document encryption, and personal data protection; maintaining legally compliant and auditable digital archives; and preserving the authenticity and integrity of the deeds created. However, the absence of clear regulations governing electronic notarial mechanisms has resulted in normative conflicts particularly between Article 16(1)(m) of UUJN, which requires the deed to be read “in the presence of” the parties and witnesses, and Article 11 of UU ITE, which grants electronic signatures the same legal effect as conventional ones. The due diligence principle must therefore be applied rigorously in electronic notarial practice to ensure compliance with legal boundaries and maintain the validity of deeds. Without fulfilling formal requirements such as the physical presence of the parties before the notary and public reading of the deed there is a risk that an electronically executed deed would not be recognized as authentic and may be downgraded to a private document, thus undermining legal certainty . Since the norms in UUJN and UU ITE remain unsynchronized, full legal certainty, as defined by scholar Sudikno, has not yet been achieved.

Keywords

  • photovoltic
  • renewable energy
  • tracking systems

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