Abstract

Suburban spaces in modern urban landscapes are often reduced to residual areas left behind by the flow of development. However, this study shows that behind these stigmas, fringe spaces hold complex and meaningful social dynamics. This study aims to understand how residents in the suburbs of Makassar City produce, interpret, and maintain their living space amid the pressure of urban development. Using a descriptive-critical qualitative approach based on urban ethnography, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and narrative documentation. The results of the study show that citizens are not only passive residents but also as active actors who create alternative spaces through social practices and everyday symbolic resistance. Concepts such as perceived space, lived space, and everyday resistance are key to reading this dynamic. This research confirms that the right to the city must be seen from below, from the perspective of those who live and survive in the narrow alleys of the city. These findings are important for building a more inclusive and fringe approach to urban planning.

Keywords

  • Gaya Kepemimpinan
  • Motivasi Kerja
  • Kinerja Karyawan

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