Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting the participation of Tanzanian ports in global trade, with a specific focus on the Port of Dar es Salaam. The port plays a crucial role in facilitating the country’s international trade and serves as a major gateway for several landlocked countries in the East and Central African region. However, despite its strategic importance, the port continues to face challenges that limit its efficiency and competitiveness in the global maritime industry.

The research sought to identify and analyse key factors influencing the performance of Tanzanian ports, including infrastructural capacity, operational efficiency, governance structures, technology adoption, and policy frameworks. The study employed a mixed-methods research design, integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches to allow for a comprehensive understanding of the issues under investigation.

Data were collected from a total of 60 respondents, selected through purposive sampling to ensure that only individuals with relevant knowledge and experience in port operations and trade facilitation were included. The primary data were obtained using structured questionnaires, while qualitative insights were gathered through interviews and document reviews. This combination of quantitative and qualitative methods provided a balanced perspective and strengthened the validity of the findings.

The results revealed that several interrelated factors such as inadequate infrastructure, bureaucratic procedures, technological limitations, and policy inconsistencies significantly affect the competitiveness of Tanzanian ports in global trade. The study concludes that improving port infrastructure, streamlining customs procedures, enhancing governance, and adopting modern port technologies are critical steps toward increasing Tanzania’s participation in international trade.

Keywords

  • Minimum Wage
  • Sustainable Livelihoods
  • Labour Policy
  • Economic Diversification
  • Social Protection

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